GhaPE can be divided into two varieties, referred to as "uneducated" or "non-institutionalized" pidgin and "educated" or "institutionalized" pidgin. GhaPE cannot be considered a creole as it has no L1 speakers.
Other languages spoken as lingua franca in Ghana are Standard Ghanaian English (SGE) and Akan. It is confined to a smaller section of society than other West African creoles, and is more stigmatized, perhaps due to the importance of Twi, an Akan dialect, often spoken as lingua franca. GhaPE is a regional variety of West African Pidgin English spoken in Ghana, predominantly in the southern capital, Accra, and surrounding towns. Ghanaian Pidgin English (GhaPE), is a Ghanaian English- lexifier pidgin also known as Pidgin, Broken English, and Kru English ( kroo brofo in Akan). For standard English spoken in Ghana, see Ghanaian English. This article is about an English-based creole.
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